Feedback após boas e aás tentativas de prática na aprendizagem do nado crawl

Abstract

The learning of motor skills is a complex process. Depending on the task, obtaining a high level of skill can take years of practice. Several factors may influence the acquisition of skills in the motor learning environment as a distribution, quantity and variety of practical experiences, mental practice, demonstration and a major factor, the feedback. This study aims at verifying the motor learning of the beginning crawl swimming style, using feedback after good trials and bad trials. The present study evaluated 48 adult students with a mean age of 25.11±5.345 years, the Associação Desportiva da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria- RS. In order to check the motor learning the front crawl test was used Motor Performance of the Crawl wimming Style Test (Corazza et al., 2006) for the pre and post tests. Students were divided into two groups with 24 subjects each: group 1 (G1) received feedback after good trials to group 2 (G2) received feedback after bad trials at practice. The post test was carried out after 10 lessons in order to assess the learning of crawl swimming style. The findings of the pretest for to G1 was 3.46±3.55 points and for the G2 was 3.46 ± 3.14 points. And the results on the posttest was for the G1 26.29±2.33 for G2 and 23.85±5.47 points. There was found a significant difference for both groups (p<0.001). This shows that both groups learned after the 10 lessons, however, confirming the study purpose, the G1 obtained better results when compared to G2 p<0.001. From the results it was observed that the group that received feedback after good trials had a superior performance in crawl swimming style compared to the group that received feedback after bad trials at practice. This may be because of the feedback provided after good trials and it might motivate students to continue practicing, it is much easier for the beginner in motor skill to maintain the pattern of movement for the next trial.