Mistura de linhas polinizadoras com híbridos de arroz: produtividade e qualidade industrial

Abstract

The advances obtained with the use of new cultivars and techniques of soil management and cultivation, contribute to productivity growth in the rice sector. Among advances, emphasis can be placed on hybrid rice seeds and as an alternative to sowing hybrid seeds mixed with the aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of populations composed of mixtures of hybrid seeds of irrigated rice with different proportions of seeds of the pollinator lineage, on the agronomic behavior of these populations, grain yield and grain quality. The work was done at Embrapa Clima Temperado. It was executed in the harvests of the years 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. In which rice seeds of the hybrids H7 and BRS AH 703 CL and the cultivar Puitá INTA - CL were used as pollinator. The proportions of 0%, 0.75%, 1.5%, 3%, 6%, 12% and 24% in the first year and 0%, 0,75%, 1,5%, 3%, 6 %, 12% and 24%, 50% and 100% for the second year. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications, and the data submitted to analysis of variance. to 5% probability. Seeding was carried out in November for the first year and October for the second year. The plots consisted of 5 meters in length, where 4 meters were marked in two lines of the useful area of each plot, where they were evaluated: Number of plants. m-2, Number of stalks.m-2, Number of panicles.m-2, Panicle length, Grain yield, Plot uniformity, Plant height, Percentage of whole grains, Broken grains, Evaluations of grains, minor than 1/3, between 1/3 - 2/3 and greater than 2/3. Plants derived from hybrid rice seeds do not present better yield components when compared to plant populations with mixed or total self-fertilized seeds. The mixture of hybrid and self-fertilized seeds provides greater unevenness with increasing pollinator. The industrial quality of grains originated from hybrid rice seeds presents similar quality to self - fertilized plants. The yield of whole grains of the whole grains fraction increased in equivalent proportions of seeds of hybrid rice and pollinator.