Armazenamento de sementes de cebola mantidas em diferentes embalagens e ambientes

Abstract

In current agriculture, the use of higher quality seed has become a requirement of crop farmers, harvest after harvest, as seed quality can be a crucial factor in the success of a crop, be it grain or vegetables. However, the production of seeds is expensive in all stages of the production process, being the storage a fundamental step for the maintenance of the quality of the seeds after the beneficiation. In this way, the objective was to evaluate the storage potential of onion seeds stored in different packages and environments. The waterproof (semi-permeable and permeable seal) packages were tested under the following conditions: natural environment, cold and dry room at 10 ± 2 ºC and 33% RH and cold room at 16 ± 2 ºC and 60% RH , during 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 days. The water content, germination, first germination count, accelerated aging and field emergence (at 360 days of storage) were evaluated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Initially, the seeds presented average germination of 98% and water content of 7.0%. The packaging and environments employed allowed changes in the water content, except for the impermeable packaging, which triggered the beginning of the deterioration of the seeds, evidenced by the vigor tests. However, the germination was not influenced by the treatments and storage periods at the poto remain outside the marketing standards, however, the seed vigor was significantly reduced. In general, onion seeds can be stored in waterproof packaging for 360 days of storage, regardless of the environment. The semipermeable and permeable packages presented satisfactory yield only when they were conditioned under the controlled conditions, either in a cold or cold and dry chamber.