Comportamento antipredação das moscas-das-frutas Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830) e Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) mediante Euophrys sutrix Holmberg, 1875 (Araneae: Salticidae)

Abstract

The behavioral ecology studies the actions and choices of an organism to succeed in their survival and reproduction. The insects have broad behavioral repertoire that provides ability to defend against predators. To understand this repertoire, must proceed through the formulation of testable hypotheses. Thus, the aim of this study was to observe and analyze the occurrence of antipredation behavior of Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata by Euophrys sutrix. The experiments were performed in arenas translucent, and the behavioral repertoire recorded in field notebook, filming and photos. Each meeting lasted from fifteen minutes or until the fly was predated. As a result, values for predation of species A. fraterculus for male and female C. capitata and for males were significant when the witness Musca domestica compared by chi-square test for degree of freedom 5% and regression testing. For analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means (Tukey) at 5% probability was noted that the duration of the trials was significant for all three species. Still to predation, all individuals preyed exhibited aggressive behavior. The behavior has been reported only for the species of the fruit fly, with a mean time of views during the interaction of 15 min to 6,07 ± 2,68 A. fraterculus min with medium reps during this time period of 2,53 ± 1,57 for C. capitata views of the average time was 7,88 ± 3,40 min, occurring in the interval 2,21 ± 1,79 views. The average number of individuals who used escape in A. fraterculus was 7,89 ± 3,42 min with an average of 2,53 ± 1,25 repetitions. For C. capitata, the average was 7,14 ± 2,58 min and average repetitions of 1,83 ± 1,03 for M. domestica, the average was 10,17 ± 2,12 min with an average of 2,87 ± 2,36 repetitions, the values were not significant for escape. It was reported in 10% leakage E. sutrix, A. fraterculus to 37,5% occurred, C. capitata, and M. domestica 7,5% to 20%. It was found that individuals who had Tephritidae combined extension and supination views managed to avoid predation. Since this fundamental work is to evaluate new management techniques of fruit flies and reduce the material and economic damage to fruit trees in Brazil.