A justificação moral através da categoria de razão pública na teoria da Justiça de John Rawls

Abstract

The aim of this dissertation is to address the justification of public morality through the category of the public reason in John Rawls s theory of justice. With this we seek understand how Rawls operates the objectivity of morality judgments applied to basic structure of society with no resulting in a comprehensive morality. Our concern lies in the thesis of reasonable pluralism avoiding any imposition on individual ethics. We will discuss the way that the category public reason lies on systematic of theory of justice, in a constructivism structure, the moral judgments in the public sphere. Taking as a starting point the conception of publicity in A Theory of Justice, to the investigation of political constructivism in Political Liberalism, the research investigates the kind of rationality appropriate to public space, emphasizing the public role of principles. Later, the research analyzes the conception of public reason itself investigating the role of public reasonableness of the procedure of justification that, pragmatically, it permits a cognitive conception of moral judgment (reciprocity, duty of civility, toleration, social union) through a deliberative democracy whose goal is the stability for right reasons without plead the true as correspondence