Citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade do percarbonato de sódio: comparação com agentes clareadores comumente utilizados no tratamento de dentes despolpados

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of sodium percarbonate in comparison with bleaching agents used in discolored pulpless teeth from a mouse fibroblast cell culture. Methodology: The bleaching agents cytotoxicity and genotoxity were evaluated both in their pure form of products as well as in concentration commonly used in clinical practice. Hydrogen peroxide (HP), carbamide peroxide (CP), sodium perborate (SP) and sodium percarbonate (SPC) were diluted in DMEM in series. To evaluate the cytotoxicity, the survival of 3T3 mouse fibroblasts were measured photometrically by using MTT assay after a 24h exposure period. Genotoxicity was indicated by the micronuclei (MN) formation and the modification of the normal cell was analyzed by light microscopy (400x). The statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA, followed by a multiplecomparison Tukey post hoc test (p < 0.05). Results: All tested groups exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxicity. However, CP has showed a similar cytotoxic effect when compared with DMEM untreated control (UC) group. PH and SPC were significantly more cytotoxic than SP. Genotoxicity test has showed that SPC and SP have presented an intermediate rate of MN frequency over the UC group. The mean rate of MN frequency to HP was higher and statistically more significant than other groups tested. No difference was observed when CP and UC groups were compared. Conclusions: The results suggest that the cytotoxicity of SPC was similar to HP and significantly more cytotoxic than SP and CP. On the other hand, SPC and SP has shown an intermediate genotoxic effect, lower than HP and higher than CP, which was non-genotoxic