Tendência de prematuridade e baixo peso em quatro estudos de Pelotas e sua relação com fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos

Abstract

This project is part of the qualification to obtain the title of Doctor of Epidemiology in UFPel. The theme refers to one of the main health maternal and neonatal problems: preterm birth and intrauterine growth retardation. The main objective was to determine prevalence of preterm, low birthweight and small for the gestational age and describing socioeconomic and demographic determinants of Pelotas Birth Cohorts of 1982, 1993, 2004 and the study Intergrowth 21st (2011). The secondary objectives were related to (i) review the tendency of preterm infants, newborns of low birthweight and small for the gestational age related to socioeconomic factors (income quintile, marital status and schooling) and (ii) demographic factors (skin color and age) of the mother; (iii) estimate the economic inequality through the absolute and relative indexes (slope index / relative index) among income quintiles in preterm, low birthweight and small for the gestational age. The primary outcome measure was the prevalence of preterm, low birthweight and small for gestational age in newborns and the main exposure, maternal income. The statistical analyzes were descriptive with prevalences of preterm births, low birthweight and small for gestational age, mean of gestational age and birthweight, evaluation of proportions between the groups using the chi test (X2) square, achievement linear trend tests and estimation of absolute and relative index of inequality (slope index and relative index) during the periods studied. The results were developed three papers to be published in the scientific community, one of them a systematic review of the theme.