Estudo do sistema de coleta conteinerizada de resíduos sólidos domiciliares, no município de Pelotas/RS

Abstract

Advances in the means of production, technological and economic development and increased consumption are some of the main factors that result in increased waste generation. The complexity and diversity of these wastes aggravates sanitary problems and causes negative impacts on public health and the environment, requiring increasingly innovative strategies for their management. In this context, the aim of this study was to carry out a diagnosis of the containerized solid waste collection system in the city of Pelotas/RS. The research is characterized as qualitative and exploratory, of the case study type. The methodological procedures used in the research were: In person interviews and via whatsapp, unstructured and undirected, carried out with the technicians responsible for the municipal waste management and a documentary research in spreadsheets and graphics, bidding notice, maps and PMGIRS- 2014- Pelotas/RS. To systematize the data, the method used was content analysis, which resulted in the diagnosis, containing the following steps: Description of the municipal solid waste management system; characterization and evolution of the containerized collection system; presentation of the current situation of the containerized collection system; structure of the containerized collection system; challenges and potential of the containerized collection system and suggestions for technical improvements for the containerized collection system. From the diagnosis, it can be concluded that the containerized collection system in Pelotas has undergone several adjustments since its implementation. Regarding the PMGIRS of Pelotas, prepared in 2014, it was found to be outdated. Among the potential of the system, the availability of waste at any time and the significant improvement in the accumulation of waste on public roads stand out. Among the weaknesses, the main one is the lack of commitment from the population regarding the segregation and proper disposal of organic waste in containers, a reflection of the lack of environmental education programs. It can be said that the containerized collection system in Pelotas fulfills only the aesthetic functions of the roads and that the environmental and health benefits are reduced to the packaging of the waste, avoiding the action of bad weather, bad odors, animal access and disease transmission, when it has the potential to optimize selective collection and significantly reduce the amount of waste sent for final disposal.