Interações e influências do processo, pessoa, contexto e tempo sobre o cuidado de enfermagem em unidades de internação hospitalar

Abstract

This study was aimed understand the interactions and influences of process, people, context and time over nursing care in university hospital wards of Brasil.This study was a qualitative researchanalyzed from Bronfenbrenner´sBioecologycal Theory.There were involved 11 nurses. The field work was made since June until November of 2017 and the data collection techniques were simple observation and semi-structured interview. The project was approved for the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing and Obstetrics of the Federal University in Pelotas. For data organization was utilized the softwares Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel e Ethnograph. The analyzed was by conventional and directed content analysis method.They were three content conventional categories analysis: Internation´s units and other connected environment, People involved in the care, Process: the nurse on the care. With directed content analysis there were four categories: Promoter and inhibiting influences of Microsystem over nursing care, Promoter and inhibiting influences of Mesosystem over nursing care, Promoter and inhibiting influences of Exosystem over nursing care, Promoter and inhibiting influences of Macrosystem over nursing care.It is possible to infer the nursing care in the hospital wards is perceived like: interactions process between nurse, environment and users in the hospital wards, set of nurse behaviors and activities whit the intention of covering the needs of people and environments that make up the hospital wards. With the Bioecologycal Theory was possible to know the influences of different aspects of context looking out for interactions that promoted or inhibit the way that nurse conceived and feeds the care. In addition of people characteristics and interactionsand microsystem, there is promoted influence of bioecologycal elements that straddles the environments boundaries. For example the undirected support links formed for the interactions between the mesoystem elements, existence of human and material resources and the connection with external environments that facility the nursing care. Itis important to recognize the interaction of the context that interferes whit the nursing care in the hospital wards and according withthis to establishinterventions and promote its reorganization and hence the care qualification. Some ofthese interactions that interfere are: physical and organizational features in the environments , the change in the workouts, the information management, and some work activities that inhibit the care.