Preditores precoces de múltiplos fatores de risco metabólico em adultos

Abstract

Throughout life, regulatory processes occur in various physiological systems in response to environmental demands, reflecting in subclinical dysfunction in organ systems. Evidence suggests that social and nutritional conditions at the beginning of life are associated with the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases. Given this context, this research aimed at assessing the association of early factors – such as birth conditions, nutritional status and socioeconomic status – with biological aging in middle-aged adults, as well as to investigate the role of nutritional status and socioeconomic status at age adult. The thesis is composed of three articles, the first evaluated the association of conditions at birth, nutritional status and conditional growth in childhood with cardiometabolic risk factors at 30 years of age. The second addressed the association of childhood socioeconomic status with cardiovascular risk in adulthood in two cohorts in the city of Pelotas. The third manuscript was a systematic review on the association of socioeconomic status in childhood with lipid levels in adults. The results reinforce the importance of early factors in health throughout life, especially with regard to the risk of non-transmissible chronic diseases. It is noteworthy that weight gain in childhood, especially after 2 years of age, is related to a higher cardiometabolic risk in adulthood, as well as socioeconomic status, which may play an important role in cardiovascular health, showing that, in low-income and low-income countries, middle income, more studies are still needed.