Exercícios terapêuticos no tratamento da dor lombar crônica inespecífica na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Low back pain is one of the most frequently seen complaints in primary health care. In this context, chronic nonspecific low back pain shows itself as relevant pathology, potentially capable of compromising people's quality of life and incapacitating them to work and their daily activities. There is widespread acceptance that management of low back pain should begin in primary care. Scientific evidence corroborates the use of therapeutic exercises in the treatment of nonspecific chronic low back pain, but the type, form and periodicity of physical exercises for the treatment of non-specific chronic low back pain in this level of attention is still unclear. The objective of this study was to review the literature in order to describe what is used in relation to therapeutic exercises in the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain in primary health care. A literature systematic review on the PubMed, Scopus, SciELO and Bireme databases was carried out using the following keywords: primary health care, low back pain and exercise therapy; and their respective counterparts in Portuguese language: atenção primária à saúde, dor lombar e terapia por exercício. Twenty-three studies were included, all of which were quantitative. The studies were published in ten countries and the UK was responsible for the largest number of them. The review shows that different types of therapeutic exercises are used to treat chronic nonspecific low back pain in primary health care with good results. It is concluded that the review may contribute to the dissemination of non-pharmacological strategies that can be used in primary care for the treatment of non-specific chronic low back pain. The review protocol was recorded on PROSPERO systematic reviews database under the code CRD42019118763.