Integração de práticas de desenvolvimento sustentável com ênfase em drenagem urbana: contribuições para a Agenda 2030 no Município de Pelotas-RS

Abstract

The population growth observed in recent decades has accelerated the process of unplanned urbanization, exacerbating issues related to water infrastructure in urban areas, such as flooding and inundation. In response to this scenario, the present research seeks to review and integrate municipal legislative regulations, using relevant materials, with the objective of promoting sustainable urban development and adopting effective alternatives for urban stormwater management. To support this objective, a bibliometric analysis was conducted, combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches, based on a survey of publications from the past decade indexed in the Scopus database. The research focused on Low Impact Development (LID) techniques and the primary challenges associated with their implementation, aligned with Sustainable Development Goals 6 and 11 (SDG 6 and SDG 11). The findings from this initial stage informed the literature review and guided the development of the analytical methodology, which incorporated case studies based on temporal scenarios. These case studies were complemented by the monitoring of specific areas within the urban perimeter of Pelotas, RS, using remote sensing techniques. The results demonstrated that all analyzed areas experienced an increase in impervious surfaces, contributing to greater surface runoff volumes. Case study 4, in particular, stood out, showing a significant increase in the runoff coefficient (29.27%), which resulted in a substantial change in the estimated flow rate (7.69 m³/s). The final diagnosis highlighted both the favorable conditions for adopting sustainable drainage practices and the urgent need to foster further research and application of these techniques to mitigate the identified issues.