Conflito entre desenvolvimento econômico e defesa do meio ambiente: um estudo a partir de julgados sobre impactos ambientais das atividades suinícola e avícola em Santa Catarina/SC (2013-2023)

Abstract

Pig farming and poultry farming play a very important role in the economy and in the generation of jobs in Brazil, especially in the states of the southern region of the country, with the state of Santa Catarina having international projection in the production and export of pigs and poultry. However, pig and poultry activities, despite their economic and social importance, are activities with enormous polluting potential that are likely to cause extensive environmental impacts. The state of Santa Catarina, largely due to the large production of chicken and pork, has a wide range of lawsuits due to the problem that involves the environmental impacts arising from the exercise of these activities. As a result, the conflict between the exercise of economic activity, which generates productivity and development, and the defense of the right to an ecologically balanced environment, essential to the quality of life, remains established. This research has as main objective the analysis of this conflict in the legal scope. Methodologically, this is qualitative research, through document analysis (case law) of the state of Santa Catarina. In this regard, it is essential to explain the economic and social importance of poultry and swine activities in Brazil, especially in the state of Santa Catarina, the nature and damage of the impacts arising from these activities, following the implementation of Environmental Law and of the Right to Development as Fundamental Rights, so that it is possible to reflect on the conflicts between the two rights guaranteed by the Constitution, based on the jurisprudential analysis of the Court of Justice of Santa Catarina, in decisions that contemplate the conflict between economic development and environmental protection environment.