Entre a idealização do padrão de organização e a materialidade da estrutura: como o processo de poder modelou o sistema mundial no século XXI

Abstract

The thesis investigates the fundamental criteria for analyzing the world system, focusing on the interactions among the concepts of organizational pattern, structure, and process. The central objective is to understand how these theoretical categories contribute to the configuration and transformation of global power over time. Using a methodological approach that combines quantitative techniques, such as cluster analysis and multivariate statistics, the study seeks to identify patterns of hegemony and inequality in international relations. The research concludes that, although the world system is characterized by cycles of crisis and restructuring, it retains continuity in its logic of accumulation and expansion. The social structure, in turn, adapts and shifts in response to external pressures, yet the organizational pattern remains constant over time, reinforcing the hegemony of central powers. The findings suggest that the world system is not static but dynamic, and that peripheral powers have opportunities for advancement despite structural barriers. The analysis also emphasizes the importance of soft power and ideology in maintaining global hegemony, highlighting the complexity of interactions among economic, political, and cultural factors in the international arena.