Condições de saúde mental estão associadas ao bruxismo do sono e bruxismo acordado: um estudo em adultos de uma coorte de nascimentos no sul do Brasil

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate longitudinally the prevalence of possible sleep bruxism and awake bruxism in adults and assess the association with mental disorders. A representative sample (n = 3065 individuals) from the Pelotas 1982 Birth Cohort, with a total of 5,914 individuals, was investigated. Mental health conditions were assessed using the Self-Reported Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) and the M.I.N.I. questionnaire at ages 31 and 40. The bruxism variable was collected during the epidemiological survey at the age of 40. Adjustment variables included demographic and socioeconomic data, mental health, and harmful behaviors. The mental health conditions evaluated were non-psychotic mental disorders and psychotic mental disorders (depression, anxiety, mania, generalized anxiety disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Both crude and adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to estimate the association between bruxism and mental health conditions. The prevalence of awake bruxism was 21%, while that of sleep bruxism was 26.5%. The presence of bruxism was positively associated with females and alcohol dependence. Individuals who exhibited signs and symptoms of non-psychotic mental disorders throughout life had a higher prevalence of both circadian manifestations of bruxism. Individuals with depression had twice the prevalence of awake bruxism compared to those without depression. Individuals with signs and symptoms of common mental disorders throughout their life course had a higher prevalence of bruxism.