Análise de desempenho e recuperação de jogo simulado em atletas de futsal

Abstract

The futsal is a team modality played at high intensity, with an intermittent character, sprints, accelerations, decelerations and change of direction, associated to high physical, technical and tactical demands. Based on the high intensity required for athletes, the understanding of physiological wear provided after the matches, as well as the athletes recovery. Thus, the aim of the study is to analyze the physical and physiological performance during, as well as the recovery period of neuromuscular fatigue and muscular damage parameters after simulated match in futsal athletes. Therefore, two studies were performed. The first study was composed by eleven male futsal athletes (22.2±2.9 years) that were evaluated in the pre, immediately post, 24 and 48h post simulated match at the final of the pre season. Blood creatine kinase (CK), muscular thickness and quality, muscle soreness, maximal isometric strength (IS) and electromyographic signal (EMG) of knee extension and flexion muscles, countermovement jump (CMJ) and 10 and 20m sprints were measured in these moments. In the second study, nine male futsal athletes (23.0±3.1 years) were monitored into two official matches during the season, one match played at home and one match played away. The body load (BL) and the number of collisions occurred during the match was measured using triaxial accelerometer, with simultaneous collect of the heart rate (HR). BL and HR values were separated between first and second match-time. The results from the first study showed that CK increased 24h post simulated match (p<0.001), while the vastus lateralis (p=0.005) and retus femoralis (p=0.001) muscular quality decreased 24h post simulated match; all of them returned to baseline values 48h after. Muscle soreness increased immediately post the simulated match (p<0.001) and returned to baseline values 24h after. Time of the 10 and 20m sprints performance increase and knee extension SI decrease immediately and 24h post simulated match, returning to baseline values 48h after. Knee flexion SI decrease only 24h post simulated match, while the EMG and CMJ did not present difference between timepoints. The results from the second study indicated that during the most of the official match the actions occurred at BL corresponding to 0.5-1 g (41±8% and 42±9% in the first and second times) and 1-1.5 g (34±7% in the first and second times) zones. The higher number of collisions during the official match occurred in the 6-8g (182.0±82.2) zone. The most part of the official match occurred at > 90% HR peak zone in both first (69±13%) and second (60±16%) times. It was concluded that futsal simulated match provides muscular fatigue and damage until 24h post. In addition, 48h post match the athletes are physical and metabolically recovered. Moreover, the athletes perform constant change of direction at short time and distance during the match, with BL values between 0.5-1.5g. In addition, they suffer a high number of collisions with opponents, at high intensity activity HR zones.