Parametrizações de rajadas de ventos baseadas em equações do espectro de energia cinética turbulenta

Abstract

Gusts of wind are characterized by large variations in wind speed and direction and can easily exceed twice the average wind speed during extreme weather events. The general objective of this study is to estimate wind gusts based on the Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) field in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. The calculation of TKE is performed using energy spectrum equations for all stability conditions, according to Mangia et al. (2000) and Degrazia et al. (2000). The similarity parameters, necessary to formulate the spectral expressions, are obtained from simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting model. A new wind gust estimation method is also proposed, in which the turbulent term of the equation is represented by the standard deviation of a sinusoidal function. The generated results are compared with wind data measured by sensors installed in Surface Meteorological Stations. The wind gust estimation methods presented in this study yielded satisfactory results, correctly representing the intensification and weakening cycles of the observed gust speeds. The new wind gust estimate achieves good results, demonstrating good stability in all studied cases. The study also identifies limitations in TKE-based gust estimates for meteorological events involving deep convection, as well as challenges in parameterizing low-intensity wind gusts. Finally, it is concluded that the estimation methods perform better when estimating moderate-intensity wind gusts.