Ensaios sobre parcerias público-privadas

Abstract

Essential services to the population have always demanded great attention among public po- licy makers around the world, especially with regard to the issue of investments in sectors that are fundamental to the economy and society. Commonly with the Government as the main dri- ver of these processes, there have always been difficulties in the administration of these services, either due to a financial limitation due to government budget restrictions, or poor management of available resources, which ended up causing investment bottlenecks in these sectors. From the 1990s onwards, many economies began to use, as an alternative, contracts that allowed the private participation of services to society (Bel and Warner, 2008), including concessions, pri- vatizations and public-private partnerships. The idea is that this contract model can soften the government’s budget constraint, by using resources from the private sector, according to Hart et al. (1997), Bennet and Iossa (2006), Iossa and Saussier (2018). The first chapter aims to verify how Public-Private Partnership contracts can work as public policy tools for the provision of health services infrastructure, especially with a view to combating the Coronavirus pandemic. An analysis of cases of PPPs already in force in Brazil was carried out, based on empirical literature. In addition to being more efficient, this type of contract also relieves public accounts by relying on private investment. The second chapter aims to understand the possible economic determinants related to investment in infrastructure contracts in the basic sanitation sector for a group of emerging countries. To achieve this objective, a database was built that contains 798 concession contracts and public-private partnerships from 2000 to 2017 for 40 emerging countries with information from the World Bank’s Private Participation in Infrastructure (PPI), combining the economic development and governance indicators of the same institution. The results indicate that investment in sanitation infrastructure has a complementary relationship with health expenditures, which may indicate that, due to the specificity and complexity of this type of enterprise, local managers must match their own resources with those of the private sector for the promotion of health. new contracts and thus meet the demands of the population.