Políticas de Estado e desenvolvimento territorial: o caso do Polo Naval Offshore do Rio Grande, RS, no contexto da Indústria de Petróleo e Gás

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the formation, consolidation, and stagnation of the Offshore Shipbuilding Hub in the municipality of Rio Grande (RS), in the context of the Brazilian oil and natural gas industry. The research problem starts from the following question: how have public policies and the actions of multiple agents, across different territorial scales, influenced the development dynamics and subsequent crisis of this hub? The objective was to understand the strategies, actions, and institutional reconfigurations that shaped this process. The research used a qualitative approach, based on documentary and bibliographic analysis, including official documents, legislation, scientific publications, and reference works. The results demonstrated that the reindustrialization of the shipbuilding industry, from the 2000s onwards, was driven by developmentalist public policies, such as the PAC (Growth Acceleration Program), PROMINP (Program to Mobilize the National Oil and Natural Gas Industry), and PROMEF (Program for Modernization and Expansion of the Shipbuilding Fleet), in addition to the exploration of the pre-salt reserves. However, the discontinuity of these policies and the change in sector guidelines resulted in the stagnation of the shipbuilding hub, revealing the structural fragility of the industry and its dependence on state decisions. It is concluded that the absence of a consistent and long-term State policy compromised the regional development potential associated with the Rio Grande Offshore Shipbuilding Hub.