Espaço aéreo-faríngeo em cirurgia ortognática unimaxilar: recuo mandibular

Abstract

The dentoskeletal deformities are corrected by orthognathic surgery, which presents technical variations depending on the bone alteration and facial morphology. The choice of surgical movements also depends on their repercussion on the upper airways, especially in class III patients, in whom isolated mandibular setback can reduce the pharyngeal space, compromising respiratory functional results. The objective of this thesis was to perform a scoping review based on a case operated on in the Residency Program in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology of the Federal University of Pelotas (PRCTBMF/UFPEL), in a class III patient who underwent unimaxillary mandibular setback surgery. The outcomes analyzed were the influence of the surgical technique on skeletal stability and airways.Nine studies were included, including reviews, perspectives, comparatives and case reports.The majority reported a significant reduction in pharyngeal airway space in the immediate postoperative period, with partial recovery in the long term. However, there is no consensus regarding the direct association between mandibular setback and the development of SAHOS , since anatomical and non-anatomical factors, such as muscle tonicity, head posture and soft tissue adaptation, also influence airway permeability.