Pesquisa de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva meticilina resistente e prospecção de plantas medicinais para seu controle

Abstract

Staphylococcus spp is a ubiquitous gram positive bacteria in nature, often present in the skin and mucosa of animals, including humans. This genre is involved in a number of localized diseases such as skin infections or deeper wounds, mastitis, otitis externa and media; and systemic diseases, in this case closely related invasive procedures, both in human and veterinary medicine. The objective of this study was to evaluate the importance of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus coagulase positive (MRSA) in healthy dogs domiciled and non- domiciled (nasal and anal mucosa, dogs with skin diseases (dermatitis) and otitis (patient site), milk room cattle with mastitis, students from Veterinary Medicine College - UFPel (nasal mucosa) and in animal health workers (nasal mucosa), as well as exploration of medicinal plants as alternative control. Were sampled healthy dogs domiciled with the owner (n≥83) and healthy dogs not domiciled (n≥83), these last ones carried to the module Kennel Center for Zoonosis Control of the City of Pelotas, RS. Dogs with skin diseases or otitis (n>50) were raised from the private clinics and Clinic Veterinary Hospital (CVH), from Veterinary College services – UFPel. Students from Veterinary Medicine - UFPel (n=83) and workers in animal health (number not less than 50) were invited to participate of research. Milk samples from the forth cattle with mastitis (n>500) were obtained from the routine work of the Infectious Diseases Lab and producers from southern Rio Grande do Sul to "in vitro" activity wateralcoholic extracts of 5 plants was evaluated ethnographic indicative as gorse (Baccharis trimera),lemongrass(Andropogon ceriferus),jambolan(Syzygium cumini), mastic (Schinus terebinthifolius raddi), Chinchilho (Tagetes minuta L.) against to 9 strains of Staphylococcus coagulase positive methicillin resistant (MRSA) which were tested through screening, with subsequent calculation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC ) performed by microplate dilution method (Schuch, 2007). Laboratory procedures were performed in the Infectious Diseases Lab, Veterinary College, UFPel. The results indicated that the samples from isolates of healthy dogs and not domiciled resident and resident dogs had a higher frequency of Staphylococcus spp (80 %), S. coagulase positive (44.3 %) and methicillin - resistant S. (MRSA) (10.3%) compared samples of pet dogs . Dogs in the range of 1 to 6 years showed up in greater numbers, being 107 samples isolated over other age groups (n=192).The medium-sized dogs (n = 93) showed a higher percentage of coagulase-positive S. and resistance to methicillin. There was no significant difference regarding to the sex of the animals. In isolates from dogs with otitis (n=53)/dermatitis (n=9) observed a higher frequency for Staphylococcus coagulase positive and methicillin resistance in the samples collected from dogs with otitis. We also rated the samples S. resistant coagulase positive in relation to age, size, sex, pelage and located species. In milk samples coming from cattle with mastitis (n=497) was observed a percentage of 32.8 % of isolated S. coagulase positive samples and 9.7 % S. Methicillin Resistant Coagulase Positive (MRSA). In 83 nasal samples from undergraduate students, Veterinary College, the most representative samples of S. coagulase positive and coagulase-positive methicillin resistant S. occurred in students 9 who were above the 7th semester in relation to total samples positive for Staphylococcus spp (n = 66) representing 20 % of coagulase-positive S. methicillin resistance. Among the 60 workers, 9 % (n=43) were female, where 7 % (n=28) were veterinarians, 20 % (n=5) servants with methicillin resistant coagulase positive nasal sample. Among all the samples of coagulase positive, were observed with most frequence Staphylococcus pseudointermedius, belonging to the usual microflora of the skin and mucous membranes, especially the nose, mouth and anus.