Estudo retrospectivo das doenças de suínos na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul: 1978-2013

Abstract

With the purpose to determine swine diseases that occur in the southern Rio Grande do Sul a retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the necropsy protocols of the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico of the Faculdade de Veterinária of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas in a period of 35 years. The survey determined that swine in the southern region of the state are created extensively with low technology and poor sanitary management. The average swine per farm ranges 4-11.Bacterial diseases accounted for 142 cases (28.63%); viral diseases accounted for 26 cases (5.24%); parasitic diseases were observed in 19 opportunities (3.83%); deficiency diseases totaled 10 cases (2.02%); poisonings and mycotoxicosis together also totaled 10 cases (2.02%); and metabolic disorders were observed in only one opportunity (0.20%). The various conditions/diseases of unknown etiology accounted for 204 cases (41.13%); and inconclusive diagnoses totaled 84 cases (16.94%).It was noted that although this study was conducted in a region with no tradition of swine breeding with farms with small flocks, the morbidity, mortality and lethality rates of the most diagnosed diseases had relatively high percentages. The most common diseases were those that generally depend on hygiene-sanitary care as most bacterial diseases, especially those caused by Eschericha coli, of which the edema disease was the most often diagnosed. It was concluded that even in swine breeding on a small scale and little technification, these hygienic-sanitary care are needed to reduce economic losses, there by improving productivity and hence household income of creators.