Índice de sucesso e fatores clínicos associados à estabilidade de mini-implantes ortodônticos: revisão sistemática e meta-análise

Abstract

Orthodontic mini-implants have shown to be an extremely useful tool in contemporary orthodontics in skeletal anchorage, and in recent years are the subject of several studies attempting to demonstrate their effectiveness and usefulness, especially as aiding mechanical and orthodontic movements considered complex. This review evaluated the success rate of mini-implants used as temporary skeletal anchorage devices in orthodontics, as well as the clinical factors associated with stability as the influence of location on the arch (maxilla or mandible), lingually or buccally positioned, diameter and length of the mini-implant, patient gender, patient's age, whether the application of force was mediately or immediately after delivery and trademark. For that a search in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Collaboration 's CENTRAL databases was performed as well as a manual search identified randomized controlled trials and non-randomized patients that performed the installation of mini-implants in orthodontic patients and evaluating their success rates and contained the cases of success / failure in the maxilla and mandible. Overall, 804 articles were found. Next, titles and abstracts were analyzed and considering the inclusion criteria 16 studies were included for analysis. The data collected were organized in a table together with the author's name and year of publication. A narrative description and meta- analysis to compare the variables was performed. Evaluating the statistical result, orthodontic mini-implants showed an overall success rate of 83.7%. The meta-analysis showed a higher success rate in the maxilla compared to the mandible (p<0.001). In conclusion, mini-implants are a viable treatment modality for use in orthodontic practice, with high success rates.