Avaliação do alendronato sódico, da terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana ou da associação de ambos como terapias adjuntas à raspagem e alisamento radicular no tratamento da periodontite experimental induzida : estudo em ratos

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate the influence of sodium alendronate (SA), photodynamic therapy (aPDT), or their combination as adjuvant to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) induced in rats. EP was induced in 64 rats with a ligature around the mandibular left first molar. After 7 days of induction, the ligature was removed and the animals were treated according to the following experimental groups (n = 8): SRP: SRP plus saline solution; SA: SRP plus SA; aPDT: SRP plus methylene blue irrigation followed by low-level laser therapy (LLLT); SA/aPDT: SRP plus SA and methylene blue irrigation followed by LLLT. The animals were euthanized at 7 or 30 days after the treatments. Standardized periapical digital radiographs were performed on the left hemi-jaws to assess alveolar bone loss (ABL). The ABL was measured through linear measurements in the distal region of the mandibular left first molar, between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar bone crest. The medians of the values were calculated and the data submitted to the statistical analysis. The ABL was significantly lower in the SA/aPDT group when compared to SRP and SA groups, in the two postoperative periods. Animals from the aPDT group showed significantly lower ABL than those from SRP group, at 7 and 30 postoperative days. The SA group presented the highest ABL at 7 and 30 days. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that the use of ALN did not demonstrate radiographic parameters improvement in ABL. The ALN/aPDT combined with SRP promoted radiographically better periodontal conditions in the treatment of EP induced in rats.