Capacidade funcional, atividades de vida diária, atividade física, estilo de vida e deterioração cognitiva de pessoas com Síndrome de Down maiores de 20 anos

Abstract

The present study aims to verify the existence of associations between functional capacity and physical activity levels, cognitive deterioration, and daily life activities in people older than 20 years with Down syndrome. The sample was made up of 32 individuals from the urban and rural areas of Pelotas/RS. The study provides an assessment of functional capacity (FC), daily life activities (DLA), levels of physical activity (PA), cognitive deterioration (CD) and issues related to life style. Descriptive statistical resources were used for statistical analysis. Chi-square test and Univariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for associations. Linear Regression was used to verify FC variability. A significance level of 5% was adopted and data were treated using the SPSS 22 program. The sample was made up 17 (53%) men and 15 (46,9%) women with an average age of 30.94 years. It was found 62.6% (N=20) at an obesity level, 37,5% (N=11) were considered independent, 34.4% (N=11) partly dependent and 28.1% (N=9) dependent. Around two thirds of the sample was classified at a low and average FC. From the studies, 75% (N=24) and 70.8% were considered inactive at leisure time (questionnaire) and at total PA (accelerometer) respectively. In average, 12 hours a day are used with sedentary activities. A significant association between high FC for the 800meter test and being active was verified. A higher cognitive deterioration was found in 78.1% (N=25) of the participants. The lower CD was associated to the best FC results for the sitting and dislocation test (p=0.04) manual abilities (p=0.02) and standing up from the floor (p=0.03). In ANOVA, age (p=0.04) of 31-40, being active at leisure time (p=0.03) and active at total PA (p=0.03) were associated to the best results in the 800-meter test. Having higher levels of total PA (p=0.03), more independence in DLAs (p=0.04) and lower CD were associated to the best results at the sitting and dislocation tests and higher CD(p=0.03) to lower results in the manual ability test. It was noticed, in the linear regression, that the G1 variables (group 1) (PA at leisure time, sex, age, CD, associated diseases, BMI, NSE and total DLA) explained more consistently the variability of the FC variables. One may notice an increase in buying power, literacy levels and job opportunities. Few associations were found between PA, DLA and FC. The results show that not only physical conditions associated to DS but also variables related to life style and CD explain the variability of the FC results.