Impacto das formas faciais na função mastigatória e naqualidade de vida de pacientes usuários de prótese total

Abstract

Edentulism causes several harmful consequences for oral and general health, its implications involve functional consequences, such as reduction of masticatory capacity, and also impacts on patients' quality of life. Associated to this, the different facial forms interfere directly in the masticatory performance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of facial pattern (FP) and antero-posterior (AP) classification on masticatory function (MF) and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients as users of complete dentures (CD) and after the transition to mandibular overdentures (MO). Overall, 56 patients participated in the study. Lateral cephalometric examinations were performed for the cephalometric analysis, where the FP was determined by the Ricketts analysis, and the AP classification by the relationship of the maxilla and mandible to the base of the skull. MF was evaluated by the methods of masticatory performance (MP): (MP_X50, MPB, ME5.6, ME2.8) and swallowing threshold (STD): (ST_X50, STB, ME5.6, ME2.8). OHRQoL and satisfaction were assessed through the application of the dental impact questionnaire on daily living (DIDL). The results show that, as users of complete dentures, dolichofacial patients have a higher MP than the brachyfacials, Class III has a reduced capacity to homogenize the artificial test food, and the domain of DIDL that most impacted was appearance. After the transition to MO, these had a positive impact on the OHRQoL and total edentulous satisfaction independent of the facial pattern or AP relationship, and for MF, brachyfacial patients were the least benefited by the MO installation.