Novos métodos para auxílio na identificação de materiais odontológicos

Abstract

Aesthetic excellence of restorative materials has been developed providing multiple masks, translucencies, opalescences, providing works with excellent contour, polishing and with optical properties similar to dental structure. Dentists need to deal with numerous shades, compositions and trademarks of composite resins to make perfect restorations, mimicking the characteristics of the original tooth. Forensic dentistry plays a key role in cases of human identification. Postmortem examination can be hampered by a number of reasons, including the poor oral opening of the corpse during cadaveric “rigor mortis” and the presence of soils such as blood and secretions. The site for examination may not be ideal, with little or no light and scarce human and structural resources. This can lead to the loss of important information for the comparison, leading to negative identification. Nowadays treatments and dental materials are aesthetic and end up not being identified and notified at the time of dental and forensic examination. The purpose of this study was to establish methodologies to assist the dentists at the time of examination with use of substances (dyes) or ultraviolet (UV) light, detecting and differentiating restorative materials. For the dye assay (n = 10), anterior and premolar human teeth (n = 20) were selected, cleaned and restored on the lingual / palatal and buccal surfaces with composite resins. For the UV light assay, three 10 mm x 2 mm disks of each color of resin composite from 13 manufacturers were made using a metal matrix, which were polymerized for 20 s on each side. The samples were photographed in a dark box specially built for the test and the photos were analyzed in an imaging software. The obtained valueswere submitted to statistical analysis and a reference table and a tutorial were constructed so the user can apply the method. The present study has an innovative character in two points. The first one in relation to the histological dyes that were used as substances, having a new application in a new technique to help the professional to recognize the presence of composite resins in restored teeth. The second is in relation to the method and device used in the fluorescence assay, as it does not exist in the literature, nor in patent banks, justifying the request for protection of the device and method.