Lesões potencialmente malignas e carcinoma espinocelular oral: estudo de suas características individuais, clínicas e sua relação com a angiogênese

Abstract

It was aimed to perform an analytic and descriptive study of cases from potentially malignant lesions (PML), presenting low or high risk of malignization, as well as cases of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), evaluating their individual, clinical and histological characteristics. Moreover, the angiogenic potential of PMLs and OSCCs were correlated with those variables and also with the presence of metastasis, through the microvessel density (MVD) analysis. A sample of 49 patients, being 15 (30.6%) cases of low risk PML, 15 (30.6%) of high risk PML and 19 patients (38.8%) with OSCC was investigate, using a questionnaire and also performing the immununohistochemical technique for the antigen anti-CD34 (blood vessell marker) in order to evaluate the MVD for each group. The results showed a higher prevalence of men and older adults with PMLs and CECs. Regarding to the tobacco and alcohol consumption our findings corroborated the literature, confirming the role of these main risk factors in the oral carcinogenesis. The MVD analysis showed a statistically significant association among the low risk PML median (16.5), high isk PML median (21.9) and OSCC group median (29.3). Considering the limitations of this study, it was possible to conclude that male, older adults, smokers and alcohol consumers had more likely PMLs and OSCCs. Moreover, the angiogenic potential expressed as MVD indexes showed significant increasing in PMLs progressing to OSCC lesions, being an important marker of prognosis for these conditions.