Atividade ovicida de Ocimum basilicum em nematódeos gastrintestinais de ovinos

Abstract

Gastrointestinal nematodes are the major limiting factors for the sheep farming, and its control was accomplished through commercial anthelmintics. However due to its intensive and often erroneously occurred the installation of anthelmintic resistance of these parasites. Alternative measures of control emerged as a proposal among which are phytotherapic. In this sense this study was to evaluate in vitro action of Ocimum basilicum in gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. For in vitro studies, feces of naturally infected sheep were tested against to essential oil of O. basilicum in concentrations of 32 to 0.25 mg/mL and hydroalcoholic extract in concentrations of 40 to 1.25 mg/mL. Each test was accompanied by positive control containing thiabendazole (0.025 mg/mL) and distilled water as negative control. Chemical analysis of the essential oil was performed by gas chromatography and determined as the major constituents chavicol (estragole) with 34.68% and 27.68% with linalool. The essential oil showed 100% efficiency in all their concentration except in the lowest which showed 99.05% inhibition of hatchability. The hydroalcoholic extract in their highest concentrations also obtained 100% inhibition of hatchability, with a gradual decline, reaching 9.76% at the concentration 1.25 mg/mL. To the positive and negative control these percentage were 98.57% and 8.5% respectively. From the results obtained it can be affirmed that O. basilicum was effective against gastrointestinal nematode eggs under the conditions tested, however requiring continuing studies to test the main constituent in vitro and in vivo.