Uso da casca de arroz tratada para adsorção de óleos lubrificantes

Abstract

The growing search for energy has always led humanity to find ways to meet this need, taking into account the environment. Oil is responsible for providing different by-products, but always aggregated to large risks. Lubricating oil is one of the widely used derivatives and in different production chains. The main environmental problems faced by the Oil and Gas Industry are in leaks, accidents and irregular discards. Rice husk in its your natural form has already proved to be an excellent adsorbent material. The present work tested the rice husk as an alternative adsorbent material of low cost, performing physical treatments such as heating and chemical, using acid and base, that could increase its efficiency. The characterization of the adsorbent material was carried out, the maximum adsorption capacity and the aqueous medium were calculated at different times. COD and phytotoxicity tests were performed on the generated effluent. The adsorbent material showed excellent adsorption qualities of lubricating oils, presenting a total adsorption of 6.15 g/g when treated in basic medium and 4.7 g/g in acid medium. And an effective adsorption of 47.6% for the heat treatment and 35.9% for the acid treatment. In the aqueous system the rice husk showed to be efficient for the removal of COD, reaching the plateau of 76.44% for the material treated in acidic medium. Thus the rice husk can be considered a good adsorbent material of low cost.