O Estado hegeliano e suas bases éticas.

Abstract

The present study exhibits the renderings of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel relative to the State. The main objective is to analyze the relationship between social institutions and the State. The problem developed here is to describe the State, exposing its relations with the family, the corporations, and even the Constitution, in order to comprehend the importance of this hegelian legal and social structure. A brief explanation of the structure of Hegel’s Philosophy of Law is necessary to this development, because thus its possible to perceive the importance of this structure to the hegelian thought on the concept of law and its guiding principle, which is freedom. This legal and social structure presented by Hegel is composed of three sections: the abstract law, which concerns of the most fundamental rights and the nearest to the concretion of the guiding principle of the concept of law; the subjective morality, in which is found the subject of social responsibility and recognition; and objective morality, instant where is developed the State and its ethical premisses. The State, in Hegel’s conception, has the function of constituting the ambits of civil society and family, organizing their relationships with the environment as well, seem that civil society requires it in order to solve its conflicts and seek universalization. Therefore this State strives to the guarantee of rights, of freedom and universal satisfaction of its citizens, developing itself to achieve the Absolute State, seem that according to Hegel, this fully made effective state would mediate the conflicts and render social life harmonious.