Responsabilidade Moral: uma abordagem acerca das origens do problema e seu desenvolvimento contemporâneo.

Abstract

This dissertation aims to investigate the requirements considered necessary for moral responsibility. It carries out an investigation of these requirements in the ancient and contemporary period, approaching in ancient times the Aristotelian theory and the Stoic school and investigating contemporaneously the libertarian theory of Robert Kane and the Harry Frankfurt's compatibilism. At the end of the dissertation it will be shown the influence of the philosophical schools of classical and late antiquity for the contemporary debate, as well as to explain the contribution of the contemporary theories analyzed within the debate about moral responsibility and freedom of will. Finally, some considerations will be made about the role of freedom of action in society and will be argued that moral responsibility is preserved regardless of the descriptive context being analyzed, whether deterministic, libertarian or compatibilist.