Foucault: o dispositivo de sexualidade no discurso médico e higienista.

Abstract

This research exposes the investigation on the sexuality device, according to a doctor and hygienist perspective in XVIII and XIX centuries, based on Michel Foucault (1926-1984) theoretical-philosophical studies. The general hypothesis is based in the acception that sexuality, rationalized by instances of power, was sanitized and reallocated as a discourse that established limits in reference of not only the human sexual pratices, but as a subjective process capable to individualize and legitimate the subject in the social spectrum. Beyond the repressive unilateral theory, sexuality was instituted by medical and psychological strategies as a way to address the internalized secrets of the individual desire, in order to understand their behavior, their instinctivity, as well as identify their possible pathology's. The sexuality, then, it's linked by two concepts: subjective and aseptic that, intercepting the individual body, filling their surface with inscriptions, transforming and readjusting it to the social corpus. Thereby, the subject learns to curtail their movements, their sexual instinct, in the same time that the productive tactics cross it's physical organicity, improving their force and energy, making possible to sustain the economic base of society. Having as an aggravating factor, the sexuality transposition of private to public axis, inducing the subject to being incapable of distinguish these two issues, in an attempt of the structures of power (school, church, hospital, factory, military) of produce a knowledge and, therefore, draw a truth of the individual. Therefore, the disciplinary techniques, the discourse, the sexuality, as a technology, produce a peculiar species of human being: the anti-subjetc individual, as well as sexualized and, conveniently, subdued and sanitized by the power-knowlegde of Medicine and Psychiatry, likewise Psychology and Pedagogy. The human body becomes, then, the focus, where the device of sexuality is configured and the articulation of power systems to somatize this body, transfiguring it, in a productive complexity, both in economy, politics and social life.