Metamorfose: ocupação e transformação dos espaços livres do Conjunto Habitacional Guabiroba.

Abstract

The Housing Community Guabiroba in the city of Pelotas, RS, designed in 1980 and completed-in 1984, was part of the government's housing program funded by COHAB and promoted by BNH. This project as others of the same modality had a big influence from the dictates of the Charter of Athens, where the professionals and the developmental policies of the New Republic and the years following found support. Brasília, built following this line in the 60s was a symbol land reference to the new model of city in Brazil. The Community Guabiroba, built in an area of 26.24 ha. with 2624 housing units with one, two and three bedroom, and executed in two typologies, the two-story tape building and four-floors block "H", had a very similar modernist superblock implantation of Brasilia, with isolated buildings, large free area - in the spirit of the city park - , community facilities and routes for traffic with independent tracing. The illegal and spontaneous occupation of empty spaces, collective or public, for various functions, which began as soon as the community was occupied, had totally changed the configuration of this neighborhood. To understand this new morphology, we study the structural elements, such as the street, the block, the public-private relationships, figure-ground contrast, the functional and formal diversity, always mapping a parallel with the traditional and the self-produced city that walks toward, in our view, this metamorphosis of the Housing Community Guabiroba.