Da cidade tradicional à cidade-jardim: modernidade em Pelotas na primeira metade do século XX.

Abstract

The urban theories are important and must be studied and analyzed by the propositional value they had throughout history as an instrument of the city’s configuration for the improvement of the urban life. In the beginning of the twentieth century, the innovative concepts of the garden-city theory, as an instrument of urban policy in the control of physical-spatial development and as a space organizer by trying to bond country areas and city’s characteristics and improve people housing quality, have been reflected in several urban plans in many countries. In Pelotas, as in other Brazilian cities, due to the the urban growth it was necessary to transform its fabric. If the firsts urbanistic conceptions adopted the orthogonal route as structuring element of the city, the new urban ideas that emerged in Europe during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, in response to the problems generated by the Industrial Revolution, arrived in the south of Brazil bringing new traces that generated new forms of urban space. Therefore, the aim of this work is to analyze how the garden-city theory has influenced Pelotas’ General Plan of 1922, idealized by the architect Fernando Rullmann, and in the Expansion Plan of 1927, made by the Engineer Saturnino de Brito. Regarding the development methodology of this work, the study of the urban theories, as well as the garden-city theory, which was being very widespread at the time, are essential for the analysis of Pelotas’ plans, since the city was one of the pioneers in the application of these principles in its urbanistic plans.