Impacto do novo uso no microclima e no estado de conservação de edificações históricas recicladas.

Abstract

Recycling is an alternative for the preservation of historic buildings. In many cases, the original use of the buildings does not match the new needs of the population, therefore new uses are attributed to these buildings. However, it is necessary that the new use guarantees the conditions of comfort to the users and the conservation of the building. New uses, such as offices and art exhibition rooms, are constantly being deployed in historic buildings. But in some cases, the needs related to environmental comfort are neglected during the recycling project. The city of Pelotas has a large number of historical buildings from the 19th century. Many of these buildings today have different uses from the originals. Therefore, the main objective of this dissertation was to analyze the impact of the new use on the microclimatic conditions and the state of conservation of restored historic buildings. The study was conducted in Casarões 2, 6 and 8, heritage buildings in the city of Pelotas/ RS. The methodology of the work consisted of: detail the object of study as to its historical, constructive characteristics and referring to its new use. From this stage, it was possible to choose environments with the administrative use and the exhibition room in the three buildings; character the mode of use and operation of the rooms; monitor the environmental parameters of temperature and relative humidity for 12 months; to perform luminous measurements in the four seasons of the year, within the 12-month period; to carry out surveys of the existing pathological manifestations, in the four seasons of the year, within the same period; verify the values specified for environmental parameters, in standards for the different uses, with those found in the environments. In the environments of administrative use it was noticed the greater correspondence of the internal environmental parameters with the standard ones. In addition, the environments with use of the exhibition room had a higher incidence of pathological manifestations due to humidity. The closed environments, in the case of Casarão 6, only the incidence of filamentous fungi was aggravated by the absence of ventilation, lighting and periodic cleaning. Therefore, it can be said that for the buildings in question, and in the climate of the city of Pelotas, the administrative use is the most indicated. It was also concluded that there is a need of better planning about the use conditions, for the new user, in the recycling design stage, since the environments did not present good environmental comfort conditions, in the two new uses analyzed.