Participação feminina no terceiro nível de governo uruguaio: o perfil das Primeiras Alcaldesas e Concejalas eleitas aos Conselhos Municipais (2010-2015).

Abstract

This thesis aims to analyze the representation of women in the first municipal elections in Uruguay, institutionalized in 2009 by Law Nº 18,567 of Decentralization Policy and Citizen Participation. Thus, it attempted to draw a sociodemographic profile and examine the political trajectory of elected, with the ultimate goal to know who the women who made up the municipal level. The creation of this third level of government represents an institutional innovation in the country's politics, because until then the administrative machinery was made only by the national authority and the department authority. Thus, with decentralization, it was created 89 locations, thus constituting the municipal level. Mishap, little party investment and lack of information to citizens have marked this first election. However, avoiding the problems, in May 2010 elections were held. Fruit of this troubled context and this innovative institutional arrangement, 21 women were elected to the post of Alcaldesa and 66 others for the post of Concejala (in a universe of 89 and 356 positions at issue, respectively), approximately 20% of vacancies between those two scenarios. The relevance of the work is precisely to go beyond achieved electoral indices and direct the analysis to profile and perceptions of elected political actors, and these women. Thus, during the course of fieldwork collected up 15 interviews in four departments of Uruguay, with active policies in the Municipal Councils. Based on the reports and at a later biographical survey was possible to outline a detailed overview of the profile of some women who, for five years (2010-2015), were ahead of the first municipal administrations in the country.