FURG e UFPel: uma cartografia sobre a repercussão da perspectiva institucional na execução da Lei Federal n.º 12.990/2014.

Abstract

The Law n.º 12990, of June 9, 2014, establish that 20% of the vacancies offered in tenders and selections destined to enter the federal public service must be reserved for black candidates. However, the legal provisions do not include all the dynamics of socio-racial relations, intertwined by the different socialization processes that guide the action of social players. In this aspect, is important to emphasize that studies on the diffusion of public policies usually refer that the ways of execution of those differ in relation to the different spheres responsible for their implementation and instrumentalization. Seeking to understand the occurrence of such phenomena from the perspective of affirmative racial policies, this research problematize the influence of the institutional perspective on the execution of Law n.º 12990/2014 intended to promote the affirmative access of the black population in the federal public service. Therefore, the investigation does not question “if it is done” but how “is it done”. To develop the problematization it was performed a study of comparative case between the public tenders for effective positions promoted by the Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG) and Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) during the period from June/2014 to December/2018. These two federal universities, funded in the 1969, in addition to organizational similarities related to the same legal-administrative regime, also have socio-structural approaches. In field research the investigations focused on the texts of notices from public tenders, the perspective of the bodies (managerial interviews) as well as the analysis of the documents that detail the issues related to the institutional environment of the researched universities. The research findings were approached using the cartographic lens of the Actor-Network Theory (TAR or ANT), which proposes a reexamination of the social area, connecting the actants (human and non-human agents) in a symmetrical cosmovision, instrumentalized by the mapping of the trail built during the stabilization of the controversy to be analyzed. The analysis carried out of the data set evidenced the existence of asymmetries in the execution of this affirmative policy within the scope of the researched institutions, since different interpretive constructions of the same legislation were detected (Law n.º 12990/2014) anchored in perceptions that alternated between discretion and supposed neutrality, to justify the effects and/or interdictions of the racial affirmative policy under analysis.