A inserção de práticas artísticas no espaço público da cidade de Pelotas: limites e potencialidades, conflitos e convergências.

Abstract

Motivated by the current effervescence of public art and urban art in the city of Pelotas and because the author of the dissertation be a member of a collective that sporadically performs urban art, this research investigates the relations between certain artistic projects of visual arts and the production of the urban space to position itself critically about how much the public space can be affected by the artistic practices carried out in the open. In the first stage, are explored the concepts of urban art, public art and public space, among others, to have a broader view of research theme. A diagram shows the articulation between them. In the second stage, it analyzes the context in which the case studies take place, the city of Pelotas, to carry out an approach to the problem of research. During the second stage, it can be seen that the social fragmentation of urban space has repercussions on the way artistic practices are inserted in the public space. After surveying artistic actions produced between the years 2003 and 2018, it is ascertained that its insertions in the public space are due to four fundamental vectors: the City Hall, the individual or collective initiatives of artists, higher education institutions and private initiative. At the end of the second stage, the most contemporary panorama is established when one goes through the main regions of the city. It is noticed that in the region of the Center are found the main traditional public monuments, being that in the Porto District is where the artistic practices related to urban art converge, authorized or unauthorized. In the third stage of the research, the categories of analysis are produced, with the methodology leading to the intended objectives from four case studies, namely: the Urban Interactions and three others associated with sociocultural actions Otroporto, the Art on the Wall, the Wild City, and the Spray’sons. The results show that private companies benefit by promoting public art events that help them achieve their business goals. Likewise, the artistic practices associated with sponsored events contribute to the fulfillment of the social counterparts promised by the same companies. On the other hand, the artistic practices, even temporarily, provide welfare for the population, because they are able to assist in the socialization of public space and provide new forms of appropriation of the same space, that can be configured for the scale of the people. In addition, the artistic practices carried out in the public space are capable of denouncing that the city grows according to the interests of the private initiative to the detriment of the population.