Postes e luminárias em metal fundido de iluminação pública: patrimônio em Pelotas, RS, 1873-1931.

Abstract

This dissertation deals with the investigation of cast iron luminaires of the city of Pelotas, from the period of 1873 to 1931, aiming at better understanding these objects through its inventory to promote its preservation, valorization and utilization. They are integrated with historical eclectic architectural heritage of the municipality, being found in facades of historic mansions and squares. In this work we present historical studies on the evolution of light sources, as well as the expansion of modernity with the use of molten metals in the production of objects, especially iron. The luminaires were documented, investigated and determined, creating a reference data to assist their preservation. For this, a methodology of registration in the form of an inventory was chosen, which covered the four preservation zones of the cultural heritage of the city, and the registration allowed the identification of different types and at different states of conservation. In parallel to the inventory, documentary and iconographic research was carried out and, with a focus on the Coronel Pedro Osório Square, metallographic studies and determination of the chemical composition of coating paints were conducted to the poles of Nereidas’ Fount fountain, in order to better understand thier history and to allow the proposition of adequate strategies for their conservation and restoration. In Pelotas, the use of these metallic artifacts manifests itself in the form of complements of the urban architecture of squares and grandiose buildings; however, the states of conservation here found, as well as the greater number of copies present in old photographs, when compared to the present amount, evidence the loss and lack of recognition of these artifacts.