O Getulino : um jornal negro no contexto de “ideologia do branqueamento”. Campinas, 1923-1926.

Abstract

In July 1923, the weekly Getulino with the title "Orgam for the defense of black men" is created in the city of Campinas, São Paulo. This weekly, produced and distributed in that region between the years of 1923 and 1926, prided itself on being “made only by black men” with the argument of defending the local and national black population, through the dissemination of different articles, stories, photographs and personalities. This dissertation aims to investigate the social and political performance of the Getulino periodical in the city of Campinas, in the first decades of the 20th century, in the context of the “Ideology of Whitening”. It is possible to identify that Getulino has produced numerous articles that refer to different themes, ranging from the notions of belonging and identity of blacks in Brazil to the reference to Abolitionism and ephemeris. During the entire period of its existence, questions of good representation and visibility of blacks in that society were raised. In this way, the concept of representation is fundamental because it makes visible certain interests of the groups that shape them HALL (2016). Other representations about abolitionism are also present in the weekly, as central articles or as secondary texts. The image as a language is present in the maintenance strategies and, or search for local belonging. For the newspaper, the black presence is a theme to be worked on and achieved by the exercise and effort of all. For the methodological analysis of this research, the work of Tania Regina de Luca (2005) and Ana Flavia Pinto (2006) is a reference, as tools of analysis of the press as a source. Based on the reference by Schwartz (2013) and Domingues (2004), the analysis of the newspaper's pages focuses on the contrast of exposed characteristics of blacks in that society, sometimes as subjects of good morals, honest, Brazilians and protagonists in society, sometimes as debauched, criminals, subordinates, rascals and homeless. Ultimately, the research showed that the journal had been important for the black community in the region, rejected and on the margins of an insertion process, both with regard to issues of social visibility and political issues.