Modelagem matemática de dispersão de contaminantes em corpos d’água: estudo de caso com dados do rio Paraibuna - MG

Abstract

We accompany the growth of our society, which is deeply related to the generation of pollution and the use of natural resources, which are finite and need care. Among these resources, water stands out, a good necessary for our survival that needs sustainable management. Laws such as the National Water Resources Policy and basic sanitation, through their management instruments, propose the use of efficient tools to rationalize the use of water and assess the impacts on this natural asset. Among these tools, mathematical modeling stands out, which manages to verify the dispersion of pollutants in ecosystems, as well as simulating and predicting physical phenomena before they happen. Thus, the present work aims to find the solution of the one-dimensional advection-diffusion model, which simulates the dispersion of pollutants, by the method Generalized Integral Laplace Transform Technique (GILTT). For the development of the work, a bibliographic review was carried out that includes works carried out in the area of environmental mathematical modeling. The study uses data from an experiment carried out in situ on the Paraibuna river using fluorescent tracers. The model’s validation and simulations are shown by the GILTT method in comparison with the experimental data and also with the Taylor model. As expected, the results obtained show that GILTT represented the observed data satisfactorily and shows good agreement between the analytical methods. There was also a certain advantage of the GILTT solution in relation to Taylor’s, since the latter uses constant parameters, whereas the GILTT solution allows the use of variable parameters, bringing its results in a satisfactory way to the experimental ones.