Avaliação da soroprevalência e fatores de risco para leptospirose em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros de diferentes mesorregiões do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a worldwide and bovine zoonosis that is used with reproductive disorders such as miscarriages, stillbirths, placental retention, calf death within the first 72 hours and repetition of state, leading to important tests. The aim of the study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of anti-leptospira binders, to identify the prevalent serovars / serogroups and to evaluate the risk factors for leptospirosis in dairy cattle sera from different regions of Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 442 blood samples were collected in June 2016, representing the Northwest and Northeast (MR 1), Northwest (MR 2) and Southeast and Southwest (MR 3) mesoregions of RS. The samples were submitted to the microscopic agglutination technique (SAM) against 13 Leptospira spp. The average prevalence of antibodies found was 77.37% (74.61% in MR 1, 84.04% in MR 2 and 77.36% in MR 3). The serovars and their respective prevalent serogroups in MR 1 were Icterohaemorrhagiae (30.94%) and Djasiman (28.06%), Icterohaemorrhagiae / Djasiman serogroups, respectively. In MR 2, the most prevalent serovar was Djasiman (29.73%) followed by Hardjo (Hardjobovis) with 12.16% and in MR 3 Djasiman (58.26%) and Copenhageni (6.09%) (serogroup). Icterohaemorrhagiae). Prevalent serovars were molecularly validated and risk factors were evaluated considering p≤0.05 as significant. The occurrence of reproductive problems such as miscarriages at the end of pregnancy and problems in childbirth, such as stillbirths and malformations, were significant for Djasiman sorbing, as well as the presence of rodents in the property and wetlands, contact of animals with these areas and rodent control. There were no significant reproductive signs such as estrus repetition, abortion during pregnancy, placental retention and weak calves at birth, as well as diagnosis of leptospirosis in the herd and vaccination for this disease. The high prevalence of Djasiman serovar indicates the occurrence of incidental infection, as it is associated with possible indirect transmission with contaminated urine, presence of swampy areas and of rodents in the herd perpetuating the disease. minimize reproductive disorders caused by leptospirosis in dairy cattle in the study area.