Uso de serviço odontológico nos dois primeiros anos e fatores maternos associados: evidências de um estudo de coorte

Abstract

It is recommended that children have their first dental appointment, in the first tooth eruption and not later than the first year of life in order to educate and guide parents about healthy habits and prevention of oral diseases. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to investigate the association between maternal factors and the child's dental visit in the first two years of life. The first article investigated the association between factors related to the mother and the prevalence of using dental services in the child's first year of life. It was a birth cohort study in southern Brazil conducted in 2015. Information was collected on the child's first dental visit, sociodemographic information, use of the service and the mother's dental fear. Maternal oral health examination was performed using the DMFT index according to the criteria of the World Health Organization and also evaluation of the maternal periodontal condition. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to assess the association between variables of interest and the outcome. The second article aimed to verify the relationship between maternal guidance on oral health care received in the first thousand days, and the visit to the child's dentist in the first two years of life. This work was also part of Pelotas' 2015 birth cohort. Sociodemographic information and the use of dental services by the mother were collected, and information about the mother having received some guidance on care for the baby's oral health in the first thousand days of life. The outcome was the children's dental visit in the first two years of life. The data were analyzed using a logistic regression model. The first article included 2,387 mother-child dyads. Of the children, 10.1 %% had visited the dentist up to 12 months of age. It was observed that children whose mothers use the dental service in the last year for preventive treatment (PR: 1.51 [CI: 1.12-2.03]) and for curative treatment (PR: 1.47 [CI: 1, 08-2.01]) had a higher prevalence of visits to the dentist. Children whose mothers had missing teeth had a 31% lower prevalence of going to the dentist in the first year of life (PR: 0.69 [CI: 0.54-0.89]). The second article included 2,947 children. The majority never visited the dentist until the age of two (78.1%). Almost half of the mothers never received guidance on how to take care of the baby's mouth during the first thousand days (49.2%). The prevalence of children who visited the dentist due to problems was 261% higher among those whose mothers did not receive guidance at any time in the first thousand days (PR: 3.61 [CI 1.44-9.04]). The prevalence of not visiting a dentist was higher both for those who received guidance in just one moment (PR: 1.86 [CI 1.37-2.51]) and for those who never received guidance (PR: 5.39 [IC 3.89-7.45). It is concluded that the patterns of use of mothers' dental services, the loss of teeth and the lack of guidance on how to take care of their children's oral health can influence the children's first dental visit.