O bairro Simões Lopes, Pelotas/RS: morfogênese e planos urbanos (1914-1972).

Abstract

This study aims to contribute to the morphological reading of the production of urban space in the Simões Lopes neighborhood in Pelotas/RS, in different temporal layers, from its genesis to the implementation of the second subdivision of the neighborhood. The temporal cut goes from 1914 to 1972. Urban morphology is the field of knowledge that allows the interpretation of urban forms at different scales, conceptual and methodological approaches to the object. The initial question starts from the analysis of the urban form and tries to understand to what extent the traditional practices of urban assemblage, present in the Pelotas layout, persist in the urban space of the Simões Lopes neighborhood. The spatial cut comprises the Simões Lopes neighborhood, on the border with the railway line and its connection with the city layout. The work was designed based on a theoretical research and an analysis of cartographic production and images in digital media, seeking to reflect on the forms of agency of urban space and urban morphology from the perspective of the English, Italian and French strands. The methodological procedure adopted follows the bias of Conzen, preceptor of the English school of urban morphology, in the study of form through the palimpsest, which are the layers of reading over time. The definition of these layers was given by the morphological periods, a synthesis between the historical and evolutionary periods. From this, three morphological periods were defined to be analyzed. The first morphological period (1815-1927) brings the genesis of the urban layout of Pelotas, first and second subdivisions to the urban and sanitary plans of the 1920s. It reinforces the role of the military engineers in the dissemination of Portuguese urban practices. The second morphological period (1914-1947) brings the expansion of the pellet route towards the railroad, physical limit with the Simões Lopes neighborhood, and the first allotment project. The third morphological period (1948-1972) brings the second project of subdivision of the neighborhood, with the analysis of permanence and persistence, urban facts and typology. The morphogenic analysis of the Pelotas layout shows the persistence of Portuguese urban practices that extends to the Simões Lopes neighborhood, even though it has urban planning projects. The type-morphological reading of urban facts allowed approximations that evidence the persistence of traditional forms of space occupation.