Efeito de antissépticos bucais na cicatrização de tecidos moles periodontais: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

After oral surgery procedures, the tissue needs time to begin the healing and repair process, thus an assessment of the effect of mouthwashes on periodontal soft tissues healing is important to determine which postoperative protocol to use with the patient. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of different mouthwashes on the healing of periodontal soft tissues in the postoperative period of oral surgery. The search was conducted by two independent reviewers until January 2021. Seven databases were searched: PubMed / MEDLINE, Cochrane-CENTRAL, Clinical studies, Embase, Lilacs, Web of Science, Google scholar and PROSPERO. 4502 articles were selected, but only 13 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for qualitative analysis. A total of 539 individuals, between 18 and 78 years old, were included. Different substances, with different options, evaluation criteria for healing and follow-up periods were used. Chlorhexidine (CLX) was the most used substance, with different concentrations and associations, totaling eight studies. Five studies with different substances (cetylpyridinium chloride, H2Ocean Sea Salt, Commiphora molmol 0.5%, CLX 0.12% and essential oils) clearly showed better healing when compared to saline, placebo or water (p <0.05). Better results, for decreased plaque and gingival inflammation, were found with CLX and essential oils. However, the uncertain risk of bias in most included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) impossible to take definitive conclusions. The findings of this review demonstrated that some mouthwashes improve better periodontal healing, but well-designed RCTs are still necessary.