Avaliação de periodontopatógenos específicos em pacientes hipertensos e normotensos com periodontite: resultados preliminares de um estudo transversal

Abstract

Periodontitis and arterial hypertension are two of the pathologies with the highest global prevalence, evidences reported so far has been favorable to an association between them. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate and compare the amount of periodontopathogenic bacterial species in hypertensive and normotensive patients with periodontitis. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and systemic health data were collected. Periodontal clinical data were assessed using the following parameters: visible plaque index (VPI), marginal bleeding index (MBI), plaque retentive factors (PRF), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The microbiological outcome was the count of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum measured by the real-time PCR. Thirty-eight patients were included in this preliminary analysis, divided into two groups: Normotensive Group (NG) (n = 14), composed of normotensive patients diagnosed with periodontitis; and Hypertensive Group (HG) (n = 24), composed of hypertensive patients diagnosed with periodontitis. The results showed that hypertensive individuals had higher percentages of VPI, MBI, PRF, CAL mean, and CAL 1-3mm (p<0.05) than NG. The other periodontal parameters did not show any statistical difference between groups. Also, hypertensive individuals had higher Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum counts when compared to normotensive individuals. With these preliminary data, it can be concluded that the presence of arterial hypertension may be associated with a greater quantity of periodontopathogenic bacterial of some species in individuals with periodontitis.