Tratamentos para doenças respiratórias crônicas: uma análise local e nacional

Abstract

The present Masters Dissertation includes, in part, the 2019/2020 Masters Consortium from the Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), which was interrupted because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional study, which aimed to evaluate the characteristics of users of inhalers and the frequency of inhaler use among adults with self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma, bronchitis, or emphysema. In a subsample, The objective was to identify incorrect inhaler techniques and observing the profile of those who had difficulties. A total of 827 adults were interviewed and 12% of these reported asthma, chronic bronchitis and/ or emphysema medical diagnosis. Among these individuals, 54% reported inhaler use. A total of 33 adults were interviewed and it was evaluated the inhaler technique from 40 inhalers. It was found a high prevalence of errors in both groups: 76,9% using metered dose inhalers (MDIs) and 85,7% using dry powder inhalers (DPIs) did not endinspiratory pause (EIP) during drug delivery. Thus, these results indicate that, despite the increase in the availability of inhalation devices, the inhaler technique is still less than ideal, warning about the importance/urgency of investment in health education. The present Dissertation also includes an article, which was written using 2013 National Health Survey (NHS) data, since the Masters Consortium was canceled. It is a Cross-sectional and population-based study, which aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatments in the Brazilian adult population. A total of 60.202 adults were interviewed and 636 of these individuals were aged ≥ 40 years and reported COPD, chronic bronchitis and/ or emphysema medical diagnosis. Less than half (49.4%) of these individuals use treatment. Pharmacological treatment was the most reported type of treatment and it was followed by physiotherapy and oxygen therapy. There were found important differences socioeconomics and demographics about different treatments. Furthermore, the prevalence of treatments used for COPD was less than ideal in 2013. This study emphasizes the need for strategic actions for greater and better indication of and adherence to the proposed treatments.