Uso de telas, duração e qualidade do sono aos 15 anos de idade: estudo de coorte

Abstract

Background: The use of electronic devices is common among adolescents. Except for schoolwork, the Brazilian Pediatric Society (SBP, acronym in Portuguese) recommends for this age group a maximum use of 2-3 hs/24hs. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the association of screentime for entertainment (time spent watching TV, using the computer, or playing games in tablets, smartphones, or videogames was assessed), with sleep duration and self reported quality of sleep, among adolescents aged 15 years. Methods: With data from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort, sleep duration was assessed with questions extracted from the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire and quality was self-reported. Crude and adjusted linear and Poisson regressions were conducted. Results: A total of 1,949 adolescents had information about screentime and sleep quality, and 1,851 about screentime and sleep duration. The median screentime was 4.5/24 hours (2.425%-7.675%). The mean duration of the sleep was 7.6hs/24 hours (SD: 1.5) and the prevalence of bad quality sleep was 17.3% (CI95% 15.7-19.0%). In the adjusted analysis, an inverse relationship between screentime and sleep duration (p<0.001) was observed. When compared with those with screentime less than 2hs/24 hours, the adolescents with screentime of 6-8.8hs/24 hours had a 23.4 minutes reduction in their sleep duration in the 24 hour cycle, and those with a screentime ≥9hs had a 32.4 minutes reduction in their sleep duration (respectively, b= -0,39; CI95% -0,62;-0,16; and b= -0,54; CI95% -0,77;-0,30). Adolescents with screentime ≥9hs were 60% more likely to report bad sleep quality than those with less than 2hs/24hs (PR 1.60; 95%CI 1.10-2.32). Conclusion: The time spent using screens was at least 50% longer than recommended by the SBP. The use of screens ≥6hs/24hs was associated with shorter sleep duration, and ≥9hs/24hs with poor sleep quality.