Autoatenção: interfaces de cuidado por famílias rurais da região Sul

Abstract

The self-attention in health can be understood broadly like all cultural practices which help to ensure the biosocial reproduction of subjects and social groups. In its restricted view, this comprehends all practices that families use to prevent, diagnose, explain, answer, control, relieve or cure the process which affect its health. In this context, the objective of this study was to know the self-attention practice performed by rural families from southern region of RS, comprising the sociocultural context and the care to health experienced. To this, it was performed a qualitative study, exploratory, with basis in an anthropological referential of self-attention and interpretative anthropology. The local of study was the members’ home in the countryside of the town of Pelotas, southern region of Rio Grande do Sul. The members who participated of the study were from four families of farmers, totalizing seven members who live in this locality and were selected in a group of women through the methodology of indication of informants “snowball sampling”. Data collection occurred between May to July of 2013 and it was used the method “seelisten-write” to researches in social sciences. Furthermore, perform researches which embrace cultural characteristics suggests the adoption of a series of research tools, being them: recorded semi structured interview; the participant observation and the construction of the familiar genogram and ecomap. The cited medicinal plants were photographed and the local of interviews were georeferenced through Global Positioning System (GPS). To analysis of data, it was used the operative proposal, emerging some categories that gave some meaning to results. The research demonstrates that when we come in contact to the everyday life of families who live in the countryside of the southern region of RS, it is evidenced that the main selfattention practices performed are: familiar action, food intake, religious practices, participation in social groups and the using of medicinal plants, which are considered the first home aid, with more than 91 citations. The families of the study have selfattention practices that begin at home and at their community, searching autonomy in relation to the care in health, calling in cases more serious to the formal system of attention. When we unveil this experiences and livings, and manners of care in this rural community, we observed that the self-attention is characterized for strong linkages of friendship, solidarity and caring, in which families of farmers use several resources of attention in health. These typical characteristics potentiate the reflection in a level of education, research and public politics focused on local needs.